Region The Province of Yogyakarta Special Region with the total area 3,185.80 square kilometers consists of four regencies and one municipality namely: Yogya Municipality: 32,50 square kilometers Sleman Regency: 574,82 square kilometers Bantul Regency: 506,86 square kilometers Kulon Progo Regency: 586,27 square kilometers Gunung Kidul Regency: 1,485.36 square kilometers.

Based on its land area, the Yogyakarta Special Region is the second smallest province in Indonesia after DKI Jakarta Province. Morphologically the condition of each district sand municipality is as follows: The Municipality of Yogyakarta is located in the central of the Provincial Territory with its average height is 114 m above the sea level. There are three rivers flowing through the city namely Code River, Winongo River and Gajah Wong River. The Bantul Regency, which has the average height of 100 m above the sea level, is lowland with its steep southern seashore. The hilly part comprises only 10% of the whole area. The regency is therefore a fertile area with its large rice and sugar cane fields. The Kulon Progo regency mostly is a hilly area. The Menoreh hill resort lies on the northern part with its average height 573m above the sea level and will be lower and lower to the South. Close to the Southern seashore the height is about 160 m above of the sea level. The area is quite fertile and suitable of commercial plants. The Gunung Kidul regency consists of some hilly area spreads from North to south called Pegunungan Seribu (one thousands mountain) which ends on the steep south beach.

The soil mostly contains of limestone and therefore in unfertile. The northern part has the average height between 200 and 700 meters above the sea level land the weather is not so dry. The water resource is still easy to find because the river is flowing there. The central zone, which consists of the wide plateau lies on the

average height between 150 and 300 m above the sea level, gets its water resource only from underground rivers. The Southern part is fallow land it has rivers deep under the ground and it is rocky, dry and bare. There are many limestone caves and stagnant ponds, which can keep rain water but usually become dry before the end of the dry seasons. The Sleman Regency lies on the Northern part Yogyakarta Special Region, on the foot of Merapi Volcano. The average height is from 140m to 600m above the sea level and it goes higher to the North. Even there are villages seated 1,200 above the sea level. The territory of the Sleman Regency is mostly fertile and gets enough water because of the conservation forest on the slope of Mount Merapi and the irrigation canal called Selokan Mataram with its water flows from Ponorogo to Opak River across this territory. The area of district is given over the farming and the main food crops are rice, soybean and peanut on the black volcanic soils of the lowlands, cassava and maize are grown in the limestone hills.